/H3D/SHELL

Format

/H3D/SHELL/Keyword3/Keyword4/Keyword5

#optional next line(s) that lists the parts to save results for.

part_ID₁ ... part_ID_N

Examples

/H3D/SHELL/TENS/STRESS/PLY=1/NPT=ALL
/H3D/SHELL/TENS/STRESS/NPT=ALL/PLY=1

/H3D/SHELL/TENS/STRESS/NPT=ALL

/H3D/SHELL/ENER
356 293

/H3D/SHELL/USER/NPT=ALL/UVAR=12

Definition

Comments

1. The syntax /H3D/ELEM/Keyword3/Keyword4/Keyword5 is also valid.
2. When PART IDs are listed after the /H3D/SHELL line the specified results will output only for those parts.
3. Output can be a, scalar, vector, or tensor as defined in the following tables.

   Table 1. Scalar Output

   Keyword3	Keyword4	Description
   ALPHA	PLY= I or ALL LAYER= I or ALL	Shear angle alpha of material /MAT/LAW58 in degrees.
   AMS		Elements using AMS timestep due to /DT/CST_AMS.
   BULK		Artificial Viscosity
   DAM1, DAM2, DAM3		Principal damage values in local orthotropic skew direction 1, 2 or 3 for materials LAW15 and LAW25.
   DAMA	MEMB PLY= I or ALL LAYER= I or ALL NPT= I, ALL, LOWER or UPPER	Maximum of damage over time of all /FAIL criteria acting on one material. Refer to the specific /FAIL law used for how damage is calculated.
   	TMAX	Maximum of damage over time, integration points and failure models.
   DAMG	MEMB NPT= I, ALL, LOWER or UPPER	Mean damage over thickness integration points (only for coupled damage models). 8
   DAMINI	PLY= I or ALL LAYER= I or ALL NPT= I, ALL, LOWER or UPPER	Maximum damage initiation variable among all failure criteria using initiation variable before computing stress softening (/FAIL/INIEVO).
   DENS		Density
   DOMAIN		SPMD domain number of an element.
   DT		Element timestep
   EINT		Element internal energy
   ENER		Specific energy density (internal energy divided by the element mass)
   	TMAX	Maximum specific energy density over time
   EPSD		Equivalent strain rate
   EPSP	PLY= I or ALL LAYER= I or ALL NPT= I, ALL, LOWER or UPPER	Plastic strain
   ERROR	THICK	Estimated error on shell thickness
   FAIL	PLY= I or ALL	Number of failed layers for /PROP/TYPE10, /PROP/TYPE11, /PROP/TYPE17, /PROP/TYPE51, /PCOMPP, /MAT/LAW15 and /MAT/LAW25. For the other property sets and material laws the values are: no failure =0 and element failed =1.
   FLDF	MEMB LAYER= I or ALL NPT= I, ALL, LOWER or UPPER	FLD damage factor indicator. 6
   FLDZ	MEMB LAYER= I or ALL NPT= I, ALL, LOWER or UPPER	FLD failure zone factor for the FLD failure model. 7 = 1 Loose metal = 2 High wrinkle = 3 Compression = 4 Safe = 5 Marginal = 6 Failure
   GROUP		Internal group identifier
   HOURGLASS		Hourglass Energy
   MASS		Element mass
   MDS		Automatic selection of user variable to output according to MDS law that is used. (1 value per user variable and per ply in case of stack and ply)
   MDS	MDS_VAR = DEF or ALL (mandatory) PLY= I or ALL LAYER= I or ALL NPT= I, ALL, LOWER or UPPER	MDS user variables
   NL_EPSD	NPT= I, ALL, LOWER or UPPER	Non-local plastic strain rate (only if /NONLOCAL/MAT is activated) 10
   NL_EPSP	NPT= I, ALL, LOWER or UPPER	Non-local plastic strain (only if /NONLOCAL/MAT is activated) 10
   NXTF	MEMB LAYER= I or ALL NPT= I, ALL, LOWER or UPPER	Instability factor of /FAIL/NXT failure model
   OFF		Element status. Where the result output is: = -1 Element is not active (it is defined in an activated rigid body). = 0 Deleted element. Between 0 and 1 Under failure process. = 1 Active element.
   PEXT		External pressure applied on shell element coming from /PLOAD, /LOAD/PFLUID, /LOAD/PBLAST or /LOAD/PRESSURE.
   PHI	MEMB PLY= I or ALL NPT= I, ALL, LOWER or UPPER	Angle between the element system and direction 1 orthotropy
   SIGEQ		Equivalent stress based on a material’s yield criteria. Some examples of yield criteria are von Mises, Hill or Barlat.
   	TMAX	Maximum equivalent stress based on a material’s yield criteria over time and integration points.
   SIGX, SIGY, SIGZ, SIGXY, SIGYZ, SIGZX		Stress in specified direction
   TDEL		Time at which element is deleted, due to failure defined using /FAIL criterion. Failure criteria built in materials is ignored.
   TEMP		Temperature
   THICK		Thickness
   THIN		% thinning for shell.
   TSAIWU	PLY= I or ALL LAYER= I or ALL NPT= I, ALL, LOWER or UPPER	Tsai Wu criterion for material /MAT/LAW15 (CHANG) and /MAT/LAW25 (COMPSH)
   USER	PLY= I or ALL LAYER= I or ALL NPT= I, ALL, LOWER or UPPER UVAR= I or ALL	User material (/MAT/USERij) law output for user-defined variable i. Also, requests USR output for some Radioss material laws such as LAW58. USR1 output is requested using UVAR=1.
   VONM		von Mises stress at neutral fiber
   	TMAX	Maximum von Mises stress at neutral fiber over time and integration points
   WPLA	PLY= I or ALL LAYER= I or ALL NPT= I, ALL, LOWER or UPPER	Plastic work for /MAT/LAW15 (CHANG) and /MAT/LAW25 (COMPSH)

   Table 2. Tensor Output

   Keyword3	Keyword4	Keyword5	Description
   TENS	BSTRESS	ID= n or ALL MEMB BEND PLY= I or ALL LAYER= I or ALL NPT= I or ALL	Backstress tensor for material /MAT/LAW36 (n=1) and /MAT/LAW78 (n=1, 2 or 3) and /MAT/LAW87 (n=1, 2, 3 or 4). ID=-1 returns the sum of all backstress tensors available for the element.
   	EPSDOT	MEMB BEND PLY= I or ALL LAYER= I or ALL NPT= I or ALL	Strain rate tensor
   	STRAIN	MEMB BEND PLY= I or ALL LAYER= I or ALL NPT= I, ALL, LOWER or UPPER	Strain tensor
   		TMAX	Strain tensor corresponding to the maximum principal strain (P1) over time and integration points. Strain tensor corresponding to the minimum principal strain (P3) over time and integration points.
   	STRAIN_ENG	--	Infinitesimal total strain. Only one tensor per element.
   	STRESS	MEMB BEND PLY= I or ALL LAYER= I or ALL NPT= I or ALL	Stress tensor
   		TMAX	Stress tensor corresponding to the maximum principal stress (P1) over time and integration points. Stress tensor corresponding to the minimum principal stress (P3) over time and integration points.

4. The output location in Keyword4 and Keyword5 can be defined via:

   NPT

   Integration points.

   LAYER

   Composite shell layer when using /PROP/TYPE11 (SH_SANDW), /PROP/TYPE10 (SH_COMP).

   PLY

   Composite shell ply when using, /PROP/TYPE19 (PLY) or /PLY.

   MEMB

   Generalized membrane stresses per element. Cannot be used with NPT, LAYER or PLY options.

   BEND

   Generalized bending stresses per element. Cannot be used with NPT, LAYER or PLY options.

5. Output can be requested for a specific location number (I), ALL, and in some case UPPER or LOWER. The output locations are separated by a / and can be in any order.
6. The values of FLD damage factor is equal to the ratio of the actual major principal strain value over the forming limit curve value:(1)
   $$FLDF=\frac{{\epsilon }_{major}}{{\epsilon }_{\lim }}$$

   Where, ${\epsilon }_{\lim }$ is the major principal strain at failure limit from FLD diagram (fct_ID in /FAIL/FLD).

   The FLD compares the ${\epsilon }_{major}$ and ${\epsilon }_{\lim }$ using the same ${\epsilon }_{minor}$ .

   
   
   Figure 1.

   FLDF may be greater than 1, if the option /FAIL/FLD, Ifail_sh=4 is used. In this case, the damage factor is only calculated for post-processing and no elements are deleted.

7. The values of FLD zone index are defined as:

   FLDZ=6

   Failure

   ${\epsilon }_{major}>{\epsilon }_{\lim }$

   FLDZ=5

   Marginal

   ${\epsilon }_{\lim }>{\epsilon }_{major}>{\epsilon }_{m\arg inal}$

   FLDZ=4

   Safe

   ${\epsilon }_{m\arg inal}>{\epsilon }_{major}>\left|{\epsilon }_{minor}\right|$

   FLDZ=3

   Compression

   $-{\epsilon }_{minor}>{\epsilon }_{major}>-{\epsilon }_{minor}\cdot \frac{R_{ani}}{1+R_{ani}}$

   FLDZ=2

   High wrinkle

   $-{\epsilon }_{minor}\cdot \frac{R_{ani}}{1+R_{ani}}>{\epsilon }_{major}$

   FLDZ=1

   Loose metal

   ${\epsilon }_{major}{}^2+{\epsilon }_{minor}{}^2>Factor\_Loosemeta{l}^2$

   
   
   Figure 2.

   Where,

   fct_ID

   Defined in /FAIL/FLD

   ${\epsilon }_{\lim }$

   Major strain as a limit from FLD diagram from fct_ID in /FAIL/FLD

   ${\epsilon }_{minor}$ and ${\epsilon }_{major}$

   The minimum and maximum principal strains

   R_ani

   Average anisotropy factor defined in FLD input in /FAIL/FLD

   $Factor\_Marginal$

   Defined in FLD input in /FAIL/FLD

   $Factor\_Loosemetal$

   Defined in FLD input in /FAIL/FLD

   (2)

   $$\alpha =\arctan \left(-\frac{R_{ani}}{1+R_{ani}}\right)$$

   I_marg

   Defined in FLD input in /FAIL/FLD

   If I_marg = 2, the marginal curve is defined by shifting the FLD curve with the constant value $Factor\_Marginal$ .(3)

   $${\epsilon }_{m\arg inal}={\epsilon }_{\lim }-Factor\_Marginal$$

   If I_marg = 3, the marginal curve is defined as a factor of the $Factor\_Marginal$ .(4)

   $${\epsilon }_{m\arg inal}={\epsilon }_{\lim }\left(1-Factor\_Marginal\right)$$

8. Option DAMG is only used with coupled damage models (/MAT/LAW72 or /FAIL/GURSON) to output damage over integration points. The damage variable is normalized by its critical value.
   • For /MAT/LAW72(5)
     $$D_{mg}=\frac{D}{D_C}$$
   • For /FAIL/GURSON(6)
     $$D_{mg}=\frac{f_t}{f_F}$$
9. When using global integration (N=0 in the shell property), Radioss always outputs the stress and strain only in the midplane (MEMB).
10. If /NONLOCAL/MAT option is activated, it is possible to output the regularized non-local plastic strain and its rate.
11. The damage initiation variable /H3D/SHELL/DAMINI is used with some failure criteria such as /FAIL/INIEVO, which first computes a damage initiation criterion before computing the stress softening damage variable, which can be plotted with /H3D/SHELL/DAMA.