Closed Loop Controllers
Closed-loop controllers use vehicle responses (for example, speed, position, yaw rate, etc.) as feedback to determine the vehicle inputs needed to match a desired vehicle response, such as following a demand lean profile (for two wheelers) or a path.
Closed loop controllers typically compute the error between a desired response and the actual vehicle response and use the error to calculate the vehicle inputs. Each vehicle input (driver output) can employ one or more closed loop controllers during a maneuver.
Use Cases
- Follow a path
- Follow a velocity/acceleration profile
- Follow a racing line for multiple laps
- Throttle and Brake Controllers
- 
              - Feedforward Traction Controller
- Feedback Traction Controller - PID Controller
 
- Steering Controllers
- 
              - Feedforward Steering Controller - Cars & Trucks
- Feedforward Steering Controller - PID Controller
- Lean Angle Profile Controller
 
- Gear and Clutch Controllers
- 
              - Engine Speed Controller
 
- Additional Controllers
- 
              - Feedback Controller