CRASURV Formulation (Iform= 1)
Block Format Keyword This law describes the composite shell and solid material using the CRASURV formulation.
This material is assumed to be orthotropic-elastic before the Tsai-Wu criterion is reached. The material becomes nonlinear afterwards. For solid elements, the material is assumed to be linearly elastic in the transverse direction. The Tsai-Wu criterion can be set dependent on the plastic work and strain rate in each of the orthotropic directions and in shear to model material hardening. Strain and plastic energy criterion for brittle damage and failure is available. A simplified delamination criterion based on out-of-plane shear angle can be used.
Format
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
/MAT/LAW25/mat_ID/unit_ID or /MAT/COMPSH/mat_ID/unit_ID | |||||||||
mat_title | |||||||||
ρiρi | |||||||||
E11 | E22 | ν12ν12 | Iform | E33 | |||||
G12 | G23 | G31 | εf1εf1 | εf2εf2 | |||||
εt1εt1 | εm1εm1 | εt2εt2 | εm2εm2 | dmax |
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WmaxpWmaxp | Ioff | WP_fail | ratio |
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
c | ˙ε0˙ε0 | α | ICCglobal |
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
σt1yσt1y | bt1bt1 | nt1nt1 | σt1maxσt1max | ct1ct1 | |||||
εt11εt11 | εt21εt21 | σt1rsσt1rs | Wmax1ptWmax1pt | ||||||
σt2yσt2y | bt2bt2 | nt2nt2 | σt2maxσt2max | ct2ct2 | |||||
εt12εt12 | εt22εt22 | σt2rsσt2rs | Wmax2ptWmax2pt |
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
σc1yσc1y | bc1bc1 | nc1nc1 | σc1maxσc1max | cc1cc1 | |||||
εc11εc11 | εc21εc21 | σc1rsσc1rs | Wmax1pcWmax1pc | ||||||
σc2yσc2y | bc2bc2 | nc2nc2 | σc2maxσc2max | cc2cc2 | |||||
εc12εc12 | εc22εc22 | σc2rsσc2rs | Wmax2pcWmax2pc |
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
σ12yσ12y | b12b12 | n12n12 | σ12maxσ12max | c12c12 | |||||
ε112ε112 | ε212ε212 | σ12rsσ12rs | Wmax12pWmax12p |
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
γiniγini | γmaxγmax | d3max |
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fsmooth | Fcut |
Definitions
Field | Contents | SI Unit Example |
---|---|---|
mat_ID | Material identifier. (Integer, maximum 10 digits) |
|
unit_ID | Unit Identifier. (Integer, maximum 10 digits) |
|
mat_title | Material title. (Character, maximum 100 characters) |
|
ρiρi | Initial density. (Real) |
[kgm3][kgm3] |
E11 | Young's modulus in direction
1. (Real) |
[Pa][Pa] |
E22 | Young's modulus in direction
2. (Real) |
[Pa][Pa] |
ν12ν12 | Poisson's ratio . (Real) |
|
Iform | Formulation flag. 1
(Integer) |
|
E33 | Young's modulus in direction 33. 2 (Real) |
[Pa][Pa] |
G12 | Shear modulus in direction
12. (Real) |
[Pa][Pa] |
G23 | Shear modulus in direction
23. (Real) |
[Pa][Pa] |
G31 | Shear modulus in direction
31. (Real) |
[Pa][Pa] |
εf1εf1 | Maximum tensile strain for element
deletion in material direction 1. Default = 1.2 x 1020 (Real) |
|
εf2εf2 | Maximum tensile strain for element
deletion in material direction 2. Default = 1.2 x 1020 (Real) |
|
εt1εt1 | Tensile failure strain in the material
direction 1 at which stress starts to reduce. 4 Default = 1.0 x 1020 (Real) |
|
εm1εm1 | Maximum tensile strain in material
direction 1 at which the stress in the element is set to a value
dependent on dmax. 4 Default = 1.1 x 1020 (Real) |
|
εt2εt2 | Tensile failure strain in the material
direction 2 at which stress starts to reduce. Default = 1.0 x 1020 (Real) |
|
εm2εm2 | Maximum tensile strain in material
direction 2 at which the stress in the element is set to a value
dependent on dmax. Default = 1.1 x 1020 (Real) |
|
dmax | Maximum damage factor (dmax < 1). 4 Default = 0.999 (Real) |
|
WmaxpWmaxp | Global maximum plastic work per unit
shell volume. Default = 1020 (Real) |
[Jm3][Jm3] |
Ioff | Flag that controls shell and thick
shell element deletion depending on failure modes in the element
layers. 4
(Integer) |
|
WP_fail | Directional maximum plastic work
failure formulation. 5
|
|
Ratio | Ratio parameter which controls the
deletion of shell elements based on the number of failed layers.
4
Default = 1.0 (Real) |
|
c | Global strain rate coefficient for
plastic work criteria.
(Real) |
|
˙ε0˙ε0 | Reference strain
rate. (Real) |
[1s][1s] |
α | Reduction factor for
F12 coefficient calculation in
Tsai-Wu criterion. Default set to 1.0 (Real) |
|
ICCglobal | Global strain rate effect flag.
4
(Integer) |
|
σt1yσt1y | Yield stress in tension in
direction 1. Default = 0.0 (Real) |
[Pa][Pa] |
bt1bt1 | Plastic hardening
parameter in tension in direction 1. Default = 0.0 (Real) |
|
nt1nt1 | Plastic hardening exponent
in tension in direction 1. Default = 1.0 (Real) |
|
σt1maxσt1max | Maximum stress in tension
in direction 1. Default = 1020 (Real) |
[Pa][Pa] |
ct1ct1 | Strain rate coefficient in tension
in direction 1.
Default = c (Real) |
|
εt11εt11 | Initial softening strain in tension in
the material direction 1. Default = 1.0 x 1020 (Real) |
|
εt21εt21 | Maximum softening strain in tension in
the material direction 1. Default = 1.2εt111.2εt11 (Real) |
|
σt1rsσt1rs | Residual stress in tension in direction
1. Default = 10−3σt1y10−3σt1y (Real) |
[Pa][Pa] |
Wmax1ptWmax1pt | Directional maximum plastic work per
unit shell volume in tension in direction 1. 4 Default = 1020 (Real) |
[Jm3][Jm3] |
σt2yσt2y | Yield stress in tension in
direction 2. Default = 0.0 (Real) |
[Pa][Pa] |
bt2bt2 | Plastic hardening
parameter in tension in direction 2. Default = 0.0 (Real) |
|
nt2nt2 | Plastic hardening exponent
in tension in direction 2. Default = 1.0 (Real) |
|
σt2maxσt2max | Maximum stress in tension
in direction 2. Default = 1020 (Real) |
[Pa][Pa] |
ct2ct2 | Strain rate coefficient in tension
in direction 2.
Default = c (Real) |
|
εt12εt12 | Initial softening strain in tension in
the material direction 2. Default = 1.0 x 1020 (Real) |
|
εt22εt22 | Maximum softening strain in tension in
direction 2. Default = 1.2εt211.2εt21 (Real) |
|
σt2rsσt2rs | Residual stress in tension in direction
2. Default = 10−3σt2y10−3σt2y (Real) |
[Pa][Pa] |
Wmax2pt | Directional maximum plastic work per
unit shell volume in tension in direction 2. 4 Default = 1020 (Real) |
[Jm3] |
σc1y | Yield stress in compression in
direction 1. Default = 0.0 (Real) |
[Pa] |
bc1 | Plastic hardening parameter in
compression in direction 1. Default = bt2 (Real) |
|
nc1 | Plastic hardening exponent in
compression in direction 1. Default = nt2 (Real) |
|
σc1max | Maximum stress in compression in
direction 1. Default = 1020 (Real) |
[Pa] |
cc1 | Strain rate coefficient in
compression in direction 1.
Default = c (Real) |
|
εc11 | Initial softening strain in compression
in the material direction 1. Default = 1.0 x 1020 (Real) |
|
εc21 | Maximum softening strain in compression
in the material direction 1. Default = 1.2εc11 (Real) |
|
σc1rs | Residual stress in compression in
direction 1. Default = 10−3σc1y (Real) |
[Pa] |
Wmax1pc | Directional maximum plastic work per
unit shell volume in compression in direction 1. Default = 1020 (Real) |
[Jm3] |
σc2y | Yield stress in compression in
direction 2. Default = 0.0 (Real) |
[Pa] |
bc2 | Plastic hardening parameter in
compression in direction 2. Default = bt2 (Real) |
|
nc2 | Plastic hardening exponent in
compression in direction 2. Default = nt2 (Real) |
|
σc2max | Maximum stress in compression in
direction 2. Default = 1020 (Real) |
[Pa] |
cc2 | Strain rate coefficient in
compression in direction 2.
Default = c (Real) |
|
εc12 | Initial softening strain in compression
in the material direction 2. Default = 1.0 x 1020 (Real) |
|
εc22 | Maximum softening strain in compression
in the material direction 2. Default = 1.2εc12 (Real) |
|
σc2rs | Residual stress in compression in
direction 2. Default = 10−3σc2y (Real) |
[Pa] |
Wmax2pc | Directional maximum plastic work per
unit shell volume in compression in direction 2. 4
Default = 1020 (Real) |
[Jm3] |
σ12y | Yield stress in direction 12 (in 45
degree of fiber direction). Default = 0.0 (Real) |
[Pa] |
b12 | Plastic hardening parameter in
direction 12. Default = bt2 (Real) |
|
n12 | Plastic hardening exponent in direction
12. Default = nt2 (Real) |
|
σ12max | Maximum stress in direction
12. Default = 1020 (Real) |
[Pa] |
ε112 | Strain rate coefficient in direction
12.
Default = c (Real) |
|
ε112 | Initial softening strain in the
material direction 12. Default = 1.0 x 1020 (Real) |
|
ε212 | Maximum softening strain in the
material direction 12. Default = 1.2ε112 (Real) |
|
σ12rs | Residual stress in direction
12. Default = 10−3σ12y (Real) |
[Pa] |
Wmax12p | Directional maximum plastic work per
unit shell volume in direction 12. 4
Default = 1020 (Real) |
[Jm3] |
γini | Out of plane shear strain when
delamination begins. 4 Default = 1020 (Real) |
|
γmax | Out of plane shear strain when
delamination ends, and the element is deleted. 4 Default = 1.1e20 (Real) |
|
d3max | Maximum delamination damage factor
(d3max < 1). 4 Default = 1.0 (Real) |
|
Fsmooth | Strain rate smoothing flag.
(Integer) |
|
Fcut | Cutoff frequency for strain rate
smoothing. Default = 1020 (Real) |
[Hz] |
Example (Carbon composite)
#RADIOSS STARTER
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/UNIT/1
unit for mat
g mm ms
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
#- 2. MATERIALS:
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/MAT/COMPSH/1/1
carbone based tissu
# RHO_I
.0015 0
# E11 E22 NU12 Iform E33
56275 54868 .042 1 0
# G12 G23 G31 EPS_f1 EPS_f2
4212 4212 4212 0 0
# EPS_t1 EPS_m1 EPS_t2 EPS_m2 d_max
.016305 .02 .014131 .016 0
# Wpmax Ioff WP_fail ratio
15 6 0 .5
# c EPS_rate_0 alpha ICC_global
0 0 0 0
# sig_1yt b_1t n_1t sig_1maxt c_1t
917.59 0 1 919 0
# EPS_1t1 EPS_1t2 SIGMA_rst1 Wpmax_t1
0 0 0 0
# sig_2yt b_2t n_2t sig_2maxt c_2t
775.38 0 1 777 0
# EPS_2t1 EPS_2t2 sig_rst2 Wpmax_t2
0 0 0 0
# sig_1yc b_1c n_1c sig_1maxc c_1c
355 .17 .84 708.87 0
# EPS_1c1 EPS_1c2 sig_rsc1 Wpmax_c1
.0226 .025 0 0
# sig_2yc b_2c n_2c sig_2maxc c_2c
355 .17 .84 702.97 0
# EPS_2c1 EPS_2c2 sig_rsc2 Wpmax_c2
.0226 .025 0 0
# sig_12y b_12 n_12 sig_12max c_12
30 2.872290896763 .3 132.57 0
# EPS_12t1 EPS_12t2 sig_rs_12 Wpmax_12
0 0 0 0
# GAMMA_ini GAMMA_max d3_max
0 0 0
# Fsmooth Fcut
0 0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
#ENDDATA
/END
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
Example (Kevlar)
#RADIOSS STARTER
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/UNIT/1
unit for mat
Mg mm s
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
#- 2. MATERIALS:
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/MAT/COMPSH/1/1
KEVLAR
# RHO_I
1.4E-9
# E11 E22 NU12 Iform E33
87000 87000 .3 1 0
# G12 G23 G31 EPS_f1 EPS_f2
2200 2200 2200 0 0
# EPS_t1 EPS_m1 EPS_t2 EPS_m2 d_max
.015 .017 .015 .017 0
# Wpmax Ioff WP_fail ratio
0 6 0 .5
# c EPS_rate_0 alpha ICC_global
0 0 0 0
# sig_1yt b_1t n_1t sig_1maxt c_1t
650 0 1 0 0
# EPS_1t1 EPS_2t1 SIGMA_rst1 Wpmax_t1
0 0 0 0
# sig_2yt b_2t n_2t sig_2maxt c_2t
650 0 1 0 0
# EPS_1t2 EPS_2t2 sig_rst2 Wpmax_t2
0 0 0 0
# sig_1yc b_1c n_1c sig_1maxc c_1c
335 0 1 650 0
# EPS_1c1 EPS_2c1 sig_rsc1 Wpmax_c1
.02 0 0 0
# sig_2yc b_2c n_2c sig_2maxc c_2c
160 0 0 650 0
# EPS_1c2 EPS_2c2 sig_rsc2 Wpmax_c2
.03 0 0 0
# sig_12y b_12 n_12 sig_12max c_12
50 0 0 100 0
# EPS_1_12 EPS_2_12 sig_rs_12 Wpmax_12
0 0 0 0
# GAMMA_ini GAMMA_max d3_max
0 0 0
# Fsmooth Fcut
0 0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
#ENDDATA
/END
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
Comments
- The formulation flag
Iform should be set to 1, for
the CRASURV (crash survivability) formulation. Compare with
Iform=0, in this
formulation:
- The F variable coefficients of F(σ) is function of plastic work and strain rate
- It allows the simulation of the ductile failure of orthotropic shells
- Considering different plastic and failure behaviors in tension, in compression and in shear
- Usage with property
and element type.
- This material requires orthotropic shell properties (/PROP/TYPE9 (SH_ORTH), /PROP/TYPE10 (SH_COMP) or /PROP/TYPE11 (SH_SANDW)). These properties specify the orthotropic direction, therefore, it is not compatible with the isotropic shell property (/PROP/TYPE1 (SHELL)). Property /PROP/SH_ORTH is not compatible with the CRASURV formulation.
- This material is available with under-integrated Q4 (Ishell= 1,2,3,4) and fully integrated BATOZ (Ishell=12) shell formulations.
- This material is compatible with orthotropic solid property (/PROP/SOL_ORTH), the orthotropic thick shell property (/PROP/TSH_ORTH) and the composite thick shell property (/PROP/TSH_COMP). These properties specify the orthotropic directions. It is assumed that, for solids and thick shells, the material is elastic and the E33 value must be set in such cases.
- Failure criterion in LAW25 is not applicable to solid elements. To determine failure for solid elements /FAIL card should be used.
- For shell and thick shell composite parts, with /PROP/SH_COMP, /PROP/SH_SANDW, /PROP/TSH_ORTH or /PROP/TSH_COMP, material is defined directly in the property card. The failure criteria defined within this material (for example, LAW25) are accounted for. Material referred to in the corresponding /PART card is not used.
- The Tsai-Wu
criterion:The material is assumed to be elastic until the Tsai-Wu criterion is fulfilled:
- If F(σ)<1 : Elastic
- If F(σ)>1 : Nonlinear
Where, F(σ) is stress in element for Tsai-Wu criterion, is computed as:(1) F(σ)=F1σ1+F2σ2+F11σ21+F22σ22+2F12σ1σ2+F44σ212Here, σ1 , σ2 and σ12 are the stresses in the material coordinate system.
The F variable coefficients of F(σ) for Tsai-Wu criterion is functions of plastic work F(W*p·˙ε) and is determined as:(2) Fi(W*p,˙ε)=−1σci(W*p,˙ε)+1σti(W*p,˙ε)(3) Fii(W*p,˙ε)=1σci(W*p,˙ε)⋅σti(W*p,˙ε)(4) F12(W*p,˙ε)=−α2√F11(W*p,˙ε)F22(W*p,˙ε)(5) F44(W*p,˙ε)=1σ12(W*p,˙ε)⋅σ12(W*p,˙ε)Where, i =1 or 2.
The values of the limiting stresses when the material becomes nonlinear in directions 1, 2 or 12 (shear) are modified based on the values of plastic work and strain rate, as:
In tension:(6) σti(W*p,˙ε)=σtiy(1+bti(W*p)nti)(1+ctiln(˙ε˙ε0))Where, i =1 or 2.
In compression:(7) σci(W*p,˙ε)=σciy(1+bci(W*p)nci)(1+cciln(˙ε˙ε0))Where, i =1 or 2.
In shear:(8) σ12(W*p,˙ε)=σ12y(1+b12(W*p)n12)(1+c12ln(˙ε˙ε0))The superscripts c and t represent compression and tension, respectively.
Plastic work W*p in above limiting stress is defined as:(9) W*p=WpWrefpWhere, Wrefp is unit reference plastic work per volume.
This criterion represents a second order closed three-dimensional Tsai-Wu surface in σ1 , σ2 and σ12 space. This surface is scaled, moved and rotated due to the variation of plastic work and true strain rate.Note: For shear, the parameters determining nonlinear behavior are the same in tension and compression. - Damage with tensile
strain and energy failure.This material could describe in plane and out-of-plane damage.
- In plane damage with damage factor
di
Global tensile strain damage between εti and εfi controlled by the damage factor di , which is given by:
di=min(εi−εtiεi⋅εmiεmi−εti, dmax) in directions, i = 1, 2
- E-modulusE-modulus is reduced according to damage parameter if, εti≤εi≤εfi :
(10) Ereducedii=Eii(1−di)E-modulus is reduced according to damage paramter, if εi>εfi :(11) Ereducedii=Eii(1−dmax)In this case, damage is set to dmax and it is not updated further.
- Yield StressYield stress is reduced since below damage strain in different loading:
- εt1i and εt2i in tension
- εc1i and εc2i in compression
- ε112 and ε212 in shear
For example, tensile in direction 1 will be reduced when σt1max at εt1i and until residual stress σt1rs at εt21 .Figure 1. Tensile in Direction 1 - Element deletion is controlled by the Ioff flag.
Out-of-plane damage (delamination) with γ .
The simpliest delamination criterion is based on the evaluation of out-of-plane shear strains ( γ31 and γ23 ) with γ=√(γ13)2+(γ23)2 .- Element stresses and are gradually reduced if, γmax>γ>γini
- The element is completely removed (fails), if γ−γiniγmax−γini>d3max in one of the shell layers.
- In plane damage with damage factor
di
- Element rupture with
strain, damage and energy failure criterion.
- Element rupture (stress set to zero) depends on the option
WP_fail where either theglobal maximum plastic
work
Wmaxp
or directional maximum plastic work
Wmaxijp
will be taken into account. When the
stress value of all layers is zero, the element is deleted.
- If WP_fail=0
- If the residual stress is greater than yield stress ( σrs>σy ), then the element layer ruptures (stress set to zero) if it reaches the directional maximum plastic work Wmaxijp . Example, tensile loading in direction 1 with σt1rs>σt1y , element layer ruptured if plastic work reach Wmax1pt .
- If WP_fail=1
- The element layer ruptures when it reaches the directional maximum plastic work in its direction Wmaxijp even if the residual stress is less than the yield stress.
- Element deletion is controlled by the option Ioff which uses the
following criteria or combinations of criteria.
- Element rupture could be due to reaching the strain criterion ( εi>εmi in direction i )
- Damage criterion ( di>dmax in direction i )
- Plastic work failure criterion
Note:- When using the plastic work failure criterion WP_fail, if a directional maximum plastic work is not entered, then the global maximum plastic strain will be taken.
- Similarly, when
ICCglobal=4,
the global maximum plastic work or directional maximum
plastic work will be scaled based on strain rate.For example, with a tensile loading in direction 2, the maximum plastic work values are scaled:
(12) Wmaxp⋅(1+cln˙ε2˙ε0)and(13) Wmaxt2p⋅(1+ct2ln˙ε2˙ε0)
- Element rupture (stress set to zero) depends on the option
WP_fail where either theglobal maximum plastic
work
Wmaxp
or directional maximum plastic work
Wmaxijp
will be taken into account. When the
stress value of all layers is zero, the element is deleted.
- The ratio field can be used to provide stability to composite shell components. For example, it allows you to delete unstable elements wherein, all but one layer has failed. This last layer may cause instability during simulation due to a low stiffness value. This option is available for strain and plastic energy based brittle failure.
- Tensile strain and energy failure criterion of LAW25 is not available for orthotropic shells with /PROP/TYPE9.
- The unit of
Wrefp
is energy per unit of volume. If set
Wrefp
as default value (0) is encountered, the default
value is 1 unit of the model.Example:
- If unit system of kg-m-s used in model, then Wrefp=1[Jm3]
- If unit system of Ton-mm-s used in model, then Wrefp=1[mJmm3]
For proper conversion of this value if changing units in pre- and post-processor, it is advised to replace the default value by the true value “1”, so that the value of Wrefp will be automatically converted. Leaving the Wrefp field to “0” may result in errors in case of automatic conversion.Note: A local unit system can be created for the material to avoid conversion. - Output for
post-processing:
- To post-process this material in the animation file, the following
Engine cards should be used:
- /ANIM/SHELL/WPLA/ALL for plastic work output
- /ANIM/BRICK/WPLA for plastic work output
- /ANIM/SHELL/TENS/STRAIN for strain tensor output in the elemental coordinate system
- /ANIM/SHELL/TENS/STRESS for stress tensor output in the elemental coordinate system
- /ANIM/SHELL/PHI angle between elemental and first material direction
- /ANIM/SHELL/FAIL number of failed layers.
- To post-process this material in the time-history file, the following
definitions in /TH/SHEL or
/TH/SH3N card should
be used:
- PLAS (or EMIN and EMAX) for minimum and maximum plastic work in the shell.
- WPLAYJJ (JJ=0 to 99) for plastic work in a corresponding layer.
- The output file (*0001.out) displays some
information when the failure criteria is met:
- Failure 1 and 2 means tensile failure direction 1 or 2, respectively
- Failure
-P
means global plastic work failure P-T1
/P-T2
means plastic work failure in tension direction 1 or 2, respectivelyP-C1
/P-C2
means plastic work failure in compression direction 1 or 2, respectivelyP-T12
means plastic work failure in shear
The failure message also indicates which element and which layer is affected. It is output when the failure criteria is met for an integration point. As Batoz elements have 4 integrations points for each layer, this message may be output up to 4 times per layer and elements in this case.
- To post-process this material in the animation file, the following
Engine cards should be used:
- /VISC/PRONY can be used with this material law to include viscous effects.