SS-V:5030 轴向负载塑性杆两端的反作用力

测试编号:NVL04求出轴向负载超过塑性的杆件在固定端的反作用力和最大位移。

定义



Figure 1.
杆尺寸为 10 x 10 x 200 mm。负载点与左端之间的距离 A=50 mm。杆的应变-应力曲线由幂律定义:(1)
σ = K ε n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqaaeaabiGaciaacaqabeaadaqaaqaaaOqaaabaaaaaaaaape Gaeq4WdmNaeyypa0Jaam4saiabew7aL9aadaahaaWcbeqaa8qacaWG Ubaaaaaa@3C8B@
其中,
K MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbwvMCKf MBHbqefqvATv2CG4uz3bIuV1wyUbqedmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhi ov2DaebbnrfifHhDYfgasaacH8qrps0lbbf9q8WrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8 qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8WqFfea0=yr0RYxir=Jbba9q8aq0=yq=He9 q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeaacaGacmGadaWaaiqacaabaiaafaaake aacaWGlbaaaa@3987@
强度系数
n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbwvMCKf MBHbqefqvATv2CG4uz3bIuV1wyUbqedmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhi ov2DaebbnrfifHhDYfgasaacH8qrps0lbbf9q8WrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8 qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8WqFfea0=yr0RYxir=Jbba9q8aq0=yq=He9 q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeaacaGacmGadaWaaiqacaabaiaafaaake aacaWGlbaaaa@3987@
必须在以下范围内:[0,1]
n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbwvMCKf MBHbqefqvATv2CG4uz3bIuV1wyUbqedmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhi ov2DaebbnrfifHhDYfgasaacH8qrps0lbbf9q8WrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8 qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8WqFfea0=yr0RYxir=Jbba9q8aq0=yq=He9 q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeaacaGacmGadaWaaiqacaabaiaafaaake aacaWGlbaaaa@3987@ =0
材料为完全塑性。
n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbwvMCKf MBHbqefqvATv2CG4uz3bIuV1wyUbqedmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhi ov2DaebbnrfifHhDYfgasaacH8qrps0lbbf9q8WrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8 qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8WqFfea0=yr0RYxir=Jbba9q8aq0=yq=He9 q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeaacaGacmGadaWaaiqacaabaiaafaaake aacaWGlbaaaa@3987@ =1
材料是有弹性的。
材料属性为:
属性
K MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbwvMCKf MBHbqefqvATv2CG4uz3bIuV1wyUbqedmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhi ov2DaebbnrfifHhDYfgasaacH8qrps0lbbf9q8WrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8 qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8WqFfea0=yr0RYxir=Jbba9q8aq0=yq=He9 q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeaacaGacmGadaWaaiqacaabaiaafaaake aacaWGlbaaaa@3987@
530 MPa
n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbwvMCKf MBHbqefqvATv2CG4uz3bIuV1wyUbqedmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhi ov2DaebbnrfifHhDYfgasaacH8qrps0lbbf9q8WrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8 qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8WqFfea0=yr0RYxir=Jbba9q8aq0=yq=He9 q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeaacaGacmGadaWaaiqacaabaiaafaaake aacaWGlbaaaa@3987@
0.26
泊松比
0


Figure 2. 对应的应变-应力曲线

该研究是针对以下载荷 F 值进行的。30000 N、47000 N、55000 N和60000 N。这些载荷涵盖了杆的弹性-塑性响应的全部范围。

参考解

这里描述的是一维分析参考解。

杆的长度不会在负载下改变。(2)
0 A ε 1 d x     0 L A ε 2 d x   =   0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqaaeaabiGaciaacaqabeaadaqaaqaaaOqaaabaaaaaaaaape WaaybCaeqal8aabaWdbiaaicdaa8aabaWdbiaadgeaa0WdaeaapeGa ey4kIipaaOGaeqyTduMaaGymaiaadsgacaWG4bGaaiiOaiabgkHiTi aacckadaGfWbqabSWdaeaapeGaaGimaaWdaeaapeGaamitaiabgkHi Tiaadgeaa0WdaeaapeGaey4kIipaaOGaeqyTduMaaGOmaiaadsgaca WG4bGaaiiOaiabg2da9iaacckacaaIWaaaaa@5048@
或者,(3)
0 A N / ( K * A ) n d x     0 L A ( F N ) / ( K * A ) n d x   =   0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqaaeaabiGaciaacaqabeaadaqaaqaaaOqaaabaaaaaaaaape WaaybCaeqal8aabaWdbiaaicdaa8aabaWdbiaadgeaa0WdaeaapeGa ey4kIipaaOWaaOqaa8aabaWdbiaad6eacaGGVaWaaeWaa8aabaWdbi aadUeacaGGQaGaamyqaaGaayjkaiaawMcaaaWcpaqaa8qacaWGUbaa aOGaamizaiaadIhacaGGGcGaeyOeI0IaaiiOamaawahabeWcpaqaa8 qacaaIWaaapaqaa8qacaWGmbGaeyOeI0Iaamyqaaqdpaqaa8qacqGH RiI8aaGcdaGcbaWdaeaapeWaaeWaa8aabaWdbiaadAeacqGHsislca WGobaacaGLOaGaayzkaaGaai4lamaabmaapaqaa8qacaWGlbGaaiOk aiaadgeaaiaawIcacaGLPaaaaSWdaeaapeGaamOBaaaakiaadsgaca WG4bGaaiiOaiabg2da9iaacckacaaIWaaaaa@5C73@
其中,
ε 1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqaaeaabiGaciaacaqabeaadaqaaqaaaOqaaabaaaaaaaaape GaeqyTduMaaGymaaaa@386E@
杆左跨处的拉伸应变。
ε 2 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqaaeaabiGaciaacaqabeaadaqaaqaaaOqaaabaaaaaaaaape GaeqyTduMaaGymaaaa@386E@
杆右跨处的压缩应变,
N MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbwvMCKf MBHbqefqvATv2CG4uz3bIuV1wyUbqedmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhi ov2DaebbnrfifHhDYfgasaacH8qrps0lbbf9q8WrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8 qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8WqFfea0=yr0RYxir=Jbba9q8aq0=yq=He9 q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeaacaGacmGadaWaaiqacaabaiaafaaake aacaWGlbaaaa@3987@
杆左端的反作用力。
R = F N MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbwvMCKf MBHbqefqvATv2CG4uz3bIuV1wyUbqedmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhi ov2DaebbnrfifHhDYfgasaacH8qrps0lbbf9q8WrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8 qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8WqFfea0=yr0RYxir=Jbba9q8aq0=yq=He9 q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeaacaGacmGadaWaaiqacaabaiaafaaake aacaWGsbGaeyypa0JaamOraiabgkHiTiaad6eaaaa@3D1F@
杆右端的反作用力。
A MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbwvMCKf MBHbqefqvATv2CG4uz3bIuV1wyUbqedmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhi ov2DaebbnrfifHhDYfgasaacH8qrps0lbbf9q8WrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8 qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8WqFfea0=yr0RYxir=Jbba9q8aq0=yq=He9 q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeaacaGacmGadaWaaiqacaabaiaafaaake aacaWGlbaaaa@3987@
杆截面面积
从这个方程中,你可以找到杆左端的反作用力。(4)
N = F/( 1+ ( a/b ) n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqaaeaabiGaciaacaqabeaadaqaaqaaaOqaaabaaaaaaaaape GaamOtaiaacckacqGH9aqpcaGGGcGaamOraiaac+cadaqadaWdaeaa peGaaGymaiabgUcaRmaabmaapaqaa8qacaWGHbGaai4laiaadkgaai aawIcacaGLPaaapaWaaWbaaSqabeaapeGaamOBaaaaaOGaayjkaiaa wMcaaaaa@4461@

和右端的 R   =   F N MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqaaeaabiGaciaacaqabeaadaqaaqaaaOqaaabaaaaaaaaape GaamOuaiaacckacqGH9aqpcaGGGcGaamOraiabgkHiTiaad6eaaaa@3CBC@

结果

杆建模为端部固定的 3D 实体。由于轴向力 F 不能精确地施加在实心杆轴上,所以在杆侧形成了四个直线载荷点,总载荷 F 均匀分布在这些载荷点上(Figure 3)。
Figure 3.

下表总结了反作用力结果。
力 F [N] SOL 参考,反作用力 [N] SimSolid,反作用力 [N] % 差异
30000 17128 18151 5.97%
47000 26834 27146 1.16%
55000 31401 31788 1.23%
60000 34256 34591 0.98%
典型的米塞斯等效应力分布显示在 Figure 4Figure 5 中。在载荷施加线上,该分布具有较高的梯度;然而,由于施加的反作用力远离主动力,因此反作用力值与 1D 求解相关。


Figure 4. 载荷 F=30000 N 时的米塞斯等效应力分布


Figure 5. 载荷 F=60000 N 时的米塞斯等效应力分布